Relation between polarization and electric field

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  • In classical electromagnetism, polarization density (or electric polarization, or simply polarization) is the vector field that expresses the density of permanent or induced electric dipole moments in a dielectric material. In a dielectric material the presence of an electric field E causes the bound charges in the material (atomic nuclei and their electrons) to slightly separate, inducing a local electric dipole moment. 
    The electric displacement field is a vector field that accounts for the effects of free and bound charge within materials.The electric displacement field is related to the electric field and the polarization density.
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